2024-1-4 前端達人
babel:js編輯器
typeScript:超集js【需要指定數(shù)據(jù)類型】
PWA:離線可用
Linter/Formatter:約束代碼規(guī)范,配合eslint
unit/e2e testing:測試
node_modules:放置項目依賴的地方
public:一般放置一些共用的靜態(tài)資源,包括頁簽圖標、index.html,打包上線的時候,public文件夾里面資源原封不動打包到dist文件夾里面;<%= BASE_URL %>是public所在路徑,使用絕對路徑
腳手架目錄public和assets區(qū)別:參考鏈接
src:程序員源代碼文件夾
補充:通過 vue.config.js 可以修改 webpack 的默認配置
a. 瀏覽器自動打開html,vue-cli-service serve --open
在package.json文件中
"scripts": {
"serve": "vue-cli-service serve --open",
"build": "vue-cli-service build",
"lint": "vue-cli-service lint"
},
b.關閉eslint校驗工具
創(chuàng)建vue.config.js文件:需要對外暴露
module.exports = {
lintOnSave:false,
}
c. src文件夾的別名的設置 【@表示src文件夾,@在"node_modules","dist"不能用】
創(chuàng)建jsconfig.json文件
{
"compilerOptions": {
"baseUrl": "./",
"paths": {
"@/*": [
"src/*"
]
}
},
"exclude": [
"node_modules",
"dist"
]
}
新建routes.js放路由規(guī)則
npm run build -- --report
chainWebpack: config => {
config.when(process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',config=>{
config.entry('app').clear().add('./src/main-prod.js')
})
config.when(process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development',config=>{
config.entry('app').clear().add('./src/main-dev.js')
})
}
第一步:vue.config.js——>配置externals節(jié)點
//配置后的vue.config.js
const { defineConfig } = require('@vue/cli-service')
module.exports = defineConfig({
transpileDependencies: true,
lintOnSave:false,
// 通過 chainWebpack 為開發(fā)模式與發(fā)布模式指定不同的打包入口
chainWebpack: config => {
// 發(fā)布模式
config.when(process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',config=>{
config.entry('app').clear().add('./src/main-prod.js')
<span class="token comment">// 通過externals 加載外部 CDN 資源</span>
config<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'externals'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">vpe</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">' Vue '</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string-property property">'vue-router'</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'VueRouter'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">axios</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'axios'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">lodash</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'_'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">echarts</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'echarts'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">nprogress</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'NProgress'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string-property property">'vue-quill-editor'</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'VueQuillEditor'</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
config<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">when</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process<span class="token punctuation">.</span>env<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">NODE_ENV</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token string">'development'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token parameter">config</span><span class="token operator">=></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
config<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'app'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clear</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./src/main-dev.js'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
}
})
第二步:導入的樣式表也會被導入到輸出文件中,導致體積大;臨時注釋掉main.prod.js中的import的VueQuillEditor樣式表;進行如下配置;【注意版本號】
進一步添加js文件的CDN引用:
<!-- 富文本編輯器樣式表文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/quill/1.3.7/quill.core.min.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/quill/1.3.7/quill.snow.min.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/quill/1.3.7/quill.bubble.min.css"/>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.6.14/vue.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token operator">--</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue-router/3.5.1/vue-router.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/axios/1.3.4/axios.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/lodash.js/4.17.21/lodash.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/echarts/5.4.1/echarts.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token operator">--</span> 富文本編輯器的 js 文件 <span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/quill/1.3.7/quill.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue-quill-editor@3.0.6/dist/vue-quill-editor.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
第一步:
<!-- element-ui的樣表文件-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/element-ui/2.15.13/theme-chalk/index.css" />
<!-- element-ui的 js 又件-->
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/element-ui/2.15.13/index.js"></script>
第二步:臨時注釋掉
// 引入自定義插件 (封裝element按需引入模塊)
// import element from ‘./plugins/element’
第一步:對vue.config.js中chainWebpack的屬性進行調整:
// 通過 chainWebpack 為開發(fā)模式與發(fā)布模式指定不同的打包入口
chainWebpack: config => {
// 1、發(fā)布模式
config.when(process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',config=>{
config.entry('app').clear().add('./src/main-prod.js')
<span class="token comment">// 通過externals 加載外部 CDN 資源</span>
config<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'externals'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">vue</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">' Vue '</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string-property property">'vue-router'</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'VueRouter'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">axios</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'axios'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">lodash</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'_'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">echarts</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'echarts'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string-property property">'vue-quill-editor'</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'VueQuillEditor'</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// 不同的打包環(huán)境下,首頁內容可能會有所不同</span>
<span class="token comment">// 我們可以通過插件的方式進行定制,根據(jù)isProd的值,來決定如何染頁面結構,發(fā)布模式插件配置如下:</span>
config<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">plugin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">tap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">args</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
args<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>isProd <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> args
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2、開發(fā)模式</span>
config<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">when</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process<span class="token punctuation">.</span>env<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">NODE_ENV</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token string">'development'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token parameter">config</span><span class="token operator">=></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
config<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'app'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clear</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./src/main-dev.js'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// 不同的打包環(huán)境下,首頁內容可能會有所不同</span>
<span class="token comment">// 我們可以通過插件的方式進行定制,根據(jù)isProd的值,來決定如何染頁面結構,開發(fā)模式插件配置如下:</span>
config<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">plugin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">tap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">args</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
args<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>isProd <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> args
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
}
第二步:在public/index.html首頁中,可以根據(jù)isProd的值,來決定如何染頁面結構
<title><%=htmlWebpackPlugin.options.isProd?'':'dev-' %>電商后臺管理系統(tǒng)</title>
<!-- 在production模式下isProd = true,會獲取CDN里的依賴資源,development模式下isProd = false,用本地下載的依賴 -->
<% if(htmlWebpackPlugin.options.isProd){ %>
前面CDN引入的依賴資源(富文本編輯器+elemen-ui)
<% } %>
前面CDN引入的依賴資源(富文本編輯器+elemen-ui),代碼如下:
<!-- 富文本編輯器樣式表文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href=" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue/2.6.14/vue.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/vue-router/3.5.1/vue-router.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/axios/1.3.4/axios.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/lodash.js/4.17.21/lodash.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/echarts/5.4.1/echarts.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token operator">--</span> 富文本編輯器的 js 文件 <span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/quill/1.3.7/quill.min.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue-quill-editor@3.0.6/dist/vue-quill-editor.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token operator">--</span> element<span class="token operator">-</span>ui的樣表文件<span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>link rel<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"stylesheet"</span> href<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/element-ui/2.15.13/theme-chalk/index.css"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token operator">--</span> element<span class="token operator">-</span>ui的 js 又件<span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token operator"><</span>script src<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"https://cdn.staticfile.org/element-ui/2.15.13/index.js"</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>script<span class="token operator">></span>
第三步:由于對首頁內容根據(jù)production模式和development模式進行了定制,需要將前面注釋掉的富文本編輯器樣式,以及element-ui樣式引入取消注釋,最終項目會根據(jù)不同模式展示首頁
7. 路由懶加載
當打包構建應用時,JavaScript 包會變得非常大,影響頁面加載。如果我們能把不同路由對應的組件分割成不同的代碼塊,然后**[當路由被訪問的時候才加載對應組件**],這樣就會更加高效。
簡化:
不需要在route.js文件 import UserDetails from ‘./views/UserDetails.vue’;直接路由懶加載
{
name:‘search’, //商品搜索
path:‘/search’,
component:()=>import(‘@/pages/Search’), [路由被訪問才加載組件]
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